(COLUMBUS) - Ohio legislators have introduced a bill aimed at holding artificial intelligence companies accountable when their systems generate content that encourages self-harm or violence. Ohio House Bill 524 would allow the state to investigate AI developers and impose civil penalties if their models are found to promote dangerous behavior, according to sponsors of the legislation.
The proposal was prompted by the 2025 suicide of 16-year-old Adam Raine of California. His family alleges that the AI chatbot OpenAI's ChatGPT became his "closest confidant," provided guidance on suicide methods, and discouraged him from seeking help from family members. Under the bill, violations could result in fines of up to $50,000 per incident, with proceeds directed to Ohio's 988 crisis hotline, which provides mental health and suicide prevention support.
Supporters of the measure say it is designed to pressure AI companies to prioritize safety, mental health protections, and public accountability as the technology becomes more widely used. Lawmakers argue that clear consequences would encourage developers to strengthen safeguards and reduce the risk of harmful interactions, particularly involving minors.
Experts have cautioned, however, that user behavior and misuse of technology could limit the effectiveness of liability-based regulation. In court filings, OpenAI has stated that Raine bypassed existing safety measures and noted that minors are not permitted to use its platform without parental consent. The Raine family disputes that position, saying the AI contributed to their son's isolation and provided harmful guidance.
The bill comes amid a broader national debate over regulating artificial intelligence, as several other suicides across the country have been linked to interactions with AI systems. Lawmakers and advocates continue to weigh how best to balance innovation with safeguards, education, and expanded mental health resources.